RESUMO
Studies and recommendations by health agencies have emphasized the importance of education in HIV-AIDS prevention. Mexico has included topics on sexuality and HIV-AIDS in school programs, triggering resistance by some social actors. The current study seeks to clarify the various positions and interests and their influence on the textbook content. A literature search was conducted on the period during which the last educational reform was implemented in Mexico. The discourse analysis focused on the ethnography of communication, which identified: the various actors' positions, arguments, actions, economic and political power, and relations to others. The results show that those who oppose the inclusion of these themes in the school curriculum base their position on tradition, contrary to modernization and secularization of social life, and that their positions range from refusal to raising conditions. Networks have been formed that provide such groups with significant economic and political power. Government has given in to some demands by partially modifying the textbook contents. The current analysis proposes to reflect on the potential repercussions of such actions on the control of the epidemic.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/prevenção & controle , Participação da Comunidade , Educação em Saúde , Política Pública , Sexualidade , Catolicismo , Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Contraceptivo , Currículo , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , México , Objetivos Organizacionais , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde , Religião e Sexo , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , SociedadesRESUMO
Estudios y recomendaciones de organismos sanitarios han resaltado la importancia de la educación en la prevención del VIH/SIDA. En México, se han incluido temas sobre sexualidad y VIH/SIDA en los programas escolares. El hecho motiva resistencias de algunos actores sociales, este trabajo busca clarificar sus posiciones e intereses, y su influencia en los contenidos los libros de texto. Se realizó una investigación documental con fuentes hemerográficas publicadas en el periodo en que se realizó la última reforma educativa. Se hizo un análisis del discurso con el enfoque de la etnografía de la comunicación que identificó: posición de los actores, argumentos, acciones, poder económico y político y relación con otros. Los resultados muestran que los opositores se basan en una ideología de la tradición, contraria a la modernización y secularización de la vida social, sus posiciones varían del rechazo al condicionamiento. Han formado redes que les confieren poder económico y político significativos. El Estado ha cedido a algunas demandas modificando parcialmente los libros. El análisis plantea reflexionar sobre las repercusiones potenciales tales acciones en el control de la epidemia.
Studies and recommendations by health agencies have emphasized the importance of education in HIV-AIDS prevention. Mexico has included topics on sexuality and HIV-AIDS in school programs, triggering resistance by some social actors. The current study seeks to clarify the various positions and interests and their influence on the textbook content. A literature search was conducted on the period during which the last educational reform was implemented in Mexico. The discourse analysis focused on the ethnography of communication, which identified: the various actors' positions, arguments, actions, economic and political power, and relations to others. The results show that those who oppose the inclusion of these themes in the school curriculum base their position on tradition, contrary to modernization and secularization of social life, and that their positions range from refusal to raising conditions. Networks have been formed that provide such groups with significant economic and political power. Government has given in to some demands by partially modifying the textbook contents. The current analysis proposes to reflect on the potential repercussions of such actions on the control of the epidemic.
